網際星空

Ansoft(2008年與ANSYS合併)是一家做電磁模擬軟體的老字號公司，其方案垂直整合，從IC-->Package-->PCB-->機構-->全系統模擬，可透過不同的方案萃取出參數/模型後，在單一平台上(Designer或Simplorer)整合模擬。

這裡要談的是Q3D，主要用於萃取RLC參數，適合electrical length ≦ l/10波長的應用(這是與HFSS最大的不同)，如封裝設計，觸控電容...等模擬。Maxwell與Q3D都是Quasi-static 3D solve，也都可以得到RLC參數，但不同處是：

• Q3D有CG、DC_RL、AC_RL solver，其中DC_RL solver用FEM其餘用BEM
  -- AC solver透過肌膚效應算出Rac(與頻率開根號成正比)，故必須把求解頻率設置在AC region，或從sweep取值
  -- SI2D (2D solver in Q3D)是用FEM

• HFSS、Maxwell必須設定background boundary condition (air box)，Q3D不須設air box，但也因此Q3D無法看空間場。 (但SI2D可以畫一個air box來看空間場)

  Q3D自2020R2起可以畫表面電場與透過後處理呈現電場強度分佈(特別適合觸控應用分析)

• Maxwell可以模擬線性或非線性區B-H曲線特性，而Q3D/HFSS只能設定導電率與導磁率，即後者是模擬一個固定B-H曲線斜率點

• 觸控電容 、傳導EMI模擬應用建議用Q3D，馬達、變壓器、線圈...等模擬 則建議用Maxwell

ANSYS軟體在安裝目錄下C:\Program Files\AnsysEM\AnsysEM21.1\Win64\Help\Q3D Extractor文件夾，裡面有教學文件與使用手冊；目錄C:\Program Files\AnsysEM\AnsysEM21.1\Win64\Examples\Q3D Extractor裡面有一個範例檔案 。

• Q3D線上基礎課程, by oldfriend

• Q3D線上進階課程, by oldfriend

1. Q3D Getting Started Guide

   • 2D Getting Started Guide -- Coplanar Waveguide with Skin Effect, 範例 by ANSYS

   • 3D Getting Started Guide, 範例 by ANSYS

2. Touch-Screen Panel Design

   • In-Cell Touch Screen Panel Design

   • Fingerprint Recognition Simulation

   • Touch Screen Panel with Active Pen.

   • Simulate "floating touch" with Q3D

   • Flexible Capacitive Touch Screen Panel

   • One-layer and True Multi-touch for TSP, 範例

   • Basic Capacitive Touch Screen Panel Simulation, 範例

   • Compare Maxwell and Q3D for TSP Application, 範例

   • Water Rejection of Capacitive Touch Screen Panel.

   • Projected Capacitive Touch Screen Panel Optimized Design, 範例

3. Signal Integrity

   • Partial and Loop Inductance. 範例

   • Self-Capacitance and Mutual-Resistance. 範例

   • Advanced Q3D Usage -- RM Ground Net and Return Path, 範例

   • Semiconductor and TSV(Through-Silicon Via) Simulation, 範例

4. EMC

   • MLCC 3D modeling and Extraction, 範例

   • 第三代半導體電源轉換器的EMC技術, 範例

   • Conducted EMI Analysis using Simplorer+Q3D, 範例

5. Connector and Cable

   • PCI Express Connector.

其它介紹

AN01：Q3D Extractor Tips. 範例

AN02：無窮遠處導體仍貢獻互電容，這是對的嗎? 範例

AN03：Q3D終端型態 : Constant Voltage vs. Uniform Current? 範例

AN04：Q3D是否有考慮單一導體的結構間電容? 範例

Q & A  (點擊以下項目，展開內容)

• Q3D Extractor各版的主要新增功能? 

-- Q3D v10：New CG、AC RL solver, it will get more faster on CG analysis, and be converged easily on AC_RL analysis.
-- Q3D v11：DC_RL speed up, CG convergence improvement, and Magnetic Materials
-- Q3D v12：a new boundary conduction [Thin Conductor] for touch panel ITO application (good for less than 1um thickness)、[Project Sheet] function
-- Q3D 2014(R15)：CG distribution by nets (HPC enhancement)
-- Q3D 2015(R16~R16.2)：CG Thin conductor enhancement (converge more faster for complex pattern), Matrix solver faster, Pre\Post faster, AC_RL distribution, one more level for solution order [Highest]
-- Q3D 2016(R17~R17.1)：CG Solver speeds up to x4~6, Femto-Farad (fF) Touch Screen Accuracy obtained with Adaptive Meshing, enhance [Project Sheet] function
-- Q3D 2017(R18~R18.x)：Add Phi mesh for surface mesh (CG,AC solver type) to speedup average x4 for initial mesh, Auto-HPC improve
-- Q3D 2018(R19~R19.x)：Q3D new faceter for CG Solver, DC-CG extraction is now supported in SIwave-CPA
-- Q3D 2019R1：Improved HPC capability, allowing distributed frequency points and nets for the CG solver
-- Q3D 2020：E-field plotting outside solution domain, and on surface, Prime mesh option for CG and AC RL.
-- Q3D 2022：Uniform current terminal type for AC_RL and DC_RL.
-- Q3D 2023：Q3D distributed CG solver (multi-machine), MLFMM for improved AC-RL solver performance, and Push excitations to Q3D.
-- Q3D 2024：Pin group for uniform current termional type in DC-R, and new enhanced DC-to-AC transition region solver (using solver inside).

• 如何讓Q3D自動忽略材質之間的衝突?

[Q3D Extractor] \ [Design Settings] \ check [Enable material override] function

• 如何匯入新的材質(import material libraries)

[Tools] \ [Configure Libraries]

• 如何讓HFSS、Q3D、Maxwell的3D/2D model能快速互通使用

直接按Ctrl+C、Ctrl+V即可(含材質屬性)，不需要靠Export/Import .sat(3D ACIS) model